New energy and renewable energy refer to primary energy sources such as biomass energy, solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy, and ocean energy in addition to conventional fossil energy, large and medium-sized hydroelectric power generation, and nuclear fission power generation. These energy resources are abundant, renewable, clean and clean. They are the most promising alternative energy sources and will become the cornerstone of the world’s energy in the future.
(1) Biomass energy
Biomass energy is stored in biomass, which is the energy stored in biomass by green plants that convert solar energy into chemical energy through chlorophyll. Its utilization mainly includes three ways: direct combustion, thermochemical conversion and biochemical conversion.
(2) Solar energy
The conversion and utilization of solar energy include light-heat conversion, light-electric conversion and photo-chemical conversion, among which light-heat conversion is the basic way of solar light and heat utilization. The thermal energy generated by solar energy can be widely used in various fields such as refrigeration, distillation and industrial production, and can be used for solar thermal power generation.
(3) Wind energy
Wind energy refers to the energy produced by the movement of air caused by solar radiation, and its main utilization forms include wind power generation, wind water lifting, wind heating, and sailing aids.
(4) Small hydropower
Small hydropower refers to small hydropower stations and their supporting small power grids. Its development methods are divided into three types: diversion type, dam type and hybrid type.
(5) Geothermal energy
Geothermal resources refer to the thermal energy in the rocks that can be developed in the earth’s crust and the thermal energy in the geothermal fluid and their associated useful components, which can be divided into four major types: hydrothermal, geostatic, dry hot rock and magma kind. Its utilization methods mainly include geothermal power generation and direct use of geothermal heat, which are mainly used for power generation, industrial processing, dehydration and drying, heating, greenhouses, domestic hot water, breeding, planting, and medical treatment.
(6) Ocean energy
Ocean energy refers to the renewable energy contained in the ocean, including different energy forms such as tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy, tidal energy, sea temperature difference energy, and sea salt difference energy. Ocean energy technology refers to the technology that converts ocean energy into electrical or mechanical energy.
